Camera Window

Select View > Camera or click the Camera tab of the Aggregate Window to open the Camera Window.

Use the Camera Window to adjust the camera settings and change the Perspective View's field of view.

Basic Settings

Virtual Joystick

Dragging the virtual joystick from the center will move either the Eye, Target, Eye & Target, or Zoom, based on the selected radio button, changing the field of view.
Select Eye to move the viewpoint in the dragged direction. Select Target to move the target point in the dragged direction.
Select Eye & Target to move both the viewpoint and target point in parallel in the dragged direction.

Note When Eye & Target is selected, hold the Ctrl key (Windows) or Option key (Mac OS) while moving the virtual joystick up or down to move the viewpoint and target point forwards or backwards in parallel.

Select Zoom and drag left or right to change the focal length (angle of view). Drag up or down to zoom in or out.

Note When Zoom is selected, hold the Ctrl key (Windows) or Option key (Mac OS) while moving the virtual joystick up or down to move the target point along the line of sight while keeping the viewpoint locked. The display of the Perspective View does not change.

<< (Back) Button

To step backward through changes to the camera, click the Back button.

>>(Forward) Button

To step forward through changes to the camera, click the Forward button.

Select Camera Pop-up Menu

This menu is used to select the active camera used for the Perspective View and rendering. When a camera object is created, it is added to the Select Camera pop-up menu. Select Remove to delete the currently selected camera.

Info Button

When a plugin with camera custom attributes is installed, click this button to display the custom attributes.

Eye

Changes the operation of the virtual joystick to Eye.

Target

Changes the operation of the virtual joystick to Target.

Eye & Target

Changes the operation of the virtual joystick to Eye & Target.

Zoom

Changes the operation of the virtual joystick to Zoom.

Focal Length

Displays the focal length of the camera. When zooming in or out the values will change in real time. Click in the textbox to enter a new value for the focal length.

Cube Checkbox

Selecting this checkbox will display a straight line connecting an eye and a target, a cube indicating the range of main objects, and X axis, Z axis and horizontal line of a global coordinate in the Perspective View during volume change.

Speed

Adjusts the rate at which the camera changes relative to distance dragged using the virtual joystick.

Memory Pop-up Menu

This menu is used to create an object from the current camera's Eye and Target points.

Line Object: Creates an open line object between current Eye and Target points.
Spotlight: Creates a spotlight positioned at the current Eye point, facing the Target point, with an angle equal to the focal length (angle of view).
Camera Object: Creates a new camera object based on the current field of view.
Meta-Camera: Creates a new meta-camera object based on the current field of view.

Restore Pop-up Menu

This menu is used to create a camera from the currently selected object.

Object: Applies the start point and end point of the selected line object as the eye and target of the current camera. If a spotlight or point light is selected, applies the position of the spotlight as the eye and the illumination direction as the target. If a point light is selected, moves the eye to the position of the point light without changing the sight direction.
Default: Restores the field of view to the default settings.
+X, -X, +Y, -Y, +Z, -Z: Moves the eye so that the origin can be horizontally viewed from each coordinate axis as the target.

Load...

Loads a camera settings file (.shdcmr, .xmlshdcmr).

Save...

Saves the current Camera Window settings as a camera settings file (.shdcmr, .xmlshdcmr).

Link Axis

Synchronizes camera switching with the settings of the saved permanent coordinate axis. Select the Link Axis checkbox and select the coordinate system to be linked from the pop-up menu. Making this setting in advance and selecting the camera linked to the coordinate system from the View pop-up menu enables you to switch the view in sync with the coordinate system.

Mode

This menu is used to set limits on the line of sight.

Normal: In this mode, the camera cannot view in the vertical direction (parallel to the Y axis).
Top View: In this mode, the camera can be pointed in the vertical direction. However, in Top mode the camera cannot be pointed in the Z axis direction.
Free: In this mode the direction is not limited. However, flip keeps the field of view reversed.

Distant

Places a distant screen at the target position and uses parallel projection. In this case, the color of the background would result from multiplicative synthesis between the background color of either the upper hemisphere or lower hemisphere, whichever is closer to the center of the Perspective View and the mapping slider value of the mapping color. Background patterns are hidden.

Set & Link Settings

Use these buttons to control the positions of the Eye and Target.

Fit

Fit to Selection: Fits the selection in the field of view.

Eye

Cursor: Moves the eye to the position of the 3D cursor.
Object: Moves the eye to the center of the selection. Clicking the Object button in Modify Mode will set the eye to the center of the selected control points.
Link: Moves the eye to the center of the selection and links the camera so that it follows object movement. To cancel the camera eye link, click this button again (the label changes to Unlink).

Target

Cursor: Moves the target to the position of the 3D cursor.
Object: Moves the target to the center of the selection. Clicking the Object button in Modify Mode will set the eye to the center of the selected control points.
Link: Moves the target to the center of the selection and links the camera so that it follows object movement. To cancel the camera eye link, click this button again (the label changes to Unlink).

Eye & Target

Cursor: Moves the eye and target so that the 3D cursor position serves as the target with the relative positions of the current eye and target maintained.
Object: Moves the eye and target so that the center of the object serves as the target with the relative positions of the current eye and target maintained. Clicking the Object button in Modify Mode will set the eye in the center of the selected control points.

Display Settings

Rendering Area

Displays the rendering area in Perspective View.

Camera Object Settings

Checkboxes in this group are active when a camera object is selected from the Camera Selection pop-up menu. You can change the selected camera object in the Figure Window.

Volume: Displays the view pyramid to show the position and limits of the Camera View, position of the center point and view of the selected camera.
Sight: Shows the line of sight connecting the Eye and Target points of the selected camera.
Path: Displays the motion path of the selected camera if animation settings have been applied.

Scale

Scales the field of view in Perspective View. The camera can be zoomed without changing the angle or viewpoint.

Show Safe Zone

Displays the safe zone for video output for the Perspective View, camera or meta-camera. You can scale the relative size of the display area by entering a percentage in the textbox.

Misc. Settings

Correction: Corrects vertical perspective distortion. When the value is 1, the vertical perspective distortion is completely corrected. Conversely, when the value is 2 or above, the vertical perspective distortion is emphasized.
Bank: Rotates the field of view. Negative values rotate the volume counterclockwise. Positive values rotate the volume clockwise.
Focus Button: Sets the surface vertical to the sight for the 3D cursor position as the object surface.
Focus Slider & Textbox: Simulates the effects of depth of field when path tracing is performed. If a value other than 0 is set, the depth of field is processed with reference to the object surface set by the Focus button. The larger the value, the shallower the depth of field and the larger the degree of the focus value.
Shift: Performs tilt correction. Shifts the line of sight horizontally by shifting the Eye point. As a result of this shifting, surfaces vertical to the line of sight seem to shift horizontally according to the distance from the line of sight.
Rise: Performs tilt correction. Shifts the line of sight vertically by shifting the Eye point. As a result of this shifting, surfaces vertical to the line of sight seem to shift vertically according to the distance from the line of sight.
Film Shift: Performs tilt correction. Shifts the line of sight horizontally by shifting the Target point. As a result of this shifting, surfaces vertical to the line of sight seem to shift horizontally according to the distance from the line of sight.
Film Rise: Performs tilt correction. Shifts the line of sight vertically by shifting the Target point. As a result of this shifting, surfaces vertical to the line of sight seem to shift vertically according to the distance from the line of sight.
Film Swing: Performs optical axis correction. Change the left and right perspectives by tilting the line of sight left or right and by tilting the surface vertical to the optical axis and the film.
Film Tilt: Performs optical axis correction. Change the up and down perspectives by tilting the line of sight upward or downward and by tilting the surface vertical to the optical axis and the film.
Lens Swing: Performs optical axis correction. Change the left and right foci by tilting the optical axis left or right and by tilting the focal plane and the film. This effect is only enabled when rendering with Path Tracing.
Lens Tilt: Performs optical axis correction. Change the up and down foci by tilting the optical axis up or down and by tilting the focal plane and the film. This effect is only enabled when rendering with Path Tracing.

Stereo Settings

These settings affect the stereo image when a stereo camera is used.

Stereo Camera Checkbox

Select the Stereo Camera checkbox when rendering a stereo image.

Stereo Camera Pop-up Menu

Specifies the stereoscopic rendering method.

Side by Side: Displays the image for the left eye on the left, and the image for the right eye on the right. Side by Side is used for stereoscopic viewing with the naked eye. If there are 3 or more viewpoints, they are displayed in order from the left.
Crosseye: Displays the image for the right eye on the left, and the image for the left eye on the right. Crosseye is used for stereoscopic viewing with the naked eye. If there are more than 3 points of view they are displayed in order from the right.
Top and Bottom: When doing stereoscopic rendering, images for the left and right eyes can be arranged vertically. This format is supported by regular 3D displays and TVs, and is particularly optimized for polarized 3D.

See also Top and Bottom Image Rendering
Anaglyph (Dubois Method): Among the anaglyph methods, this method results in relatively accurate color reproduction. Images with strong primary colors can create a realistic 3D effect.
When blending the images HDR information is lost, so this method is not suitable for HDR image editing with formats such as OpenEXR.
Anaglyph (Half Color): This anaglyph method reproduces some of the colors. Images with strong primary colors can create a realistic 3D effect.
Anaglyph (Monochrome): This anaglyph method blends the images after converting them to monochrome. The color is lost, but it results in a clear 3D effect.
Striping (Left First): The image for each viewpoint is arranged in a vertical line from the left.
Striping (Right First): The image for each viewpoint is arranged in a vertical line from the right. 3D images can be displayed directly on 3D displays that use lenticular and parallax barrier methods, without the need for 3D glasses.
With appropriate selection of the number of viewpoints, width of the rendered image, aspect ratio and print resolution, 3D printed images can be created on lenticular sheets.
Left Eye Only: Only displays the image for the left eye.
Right Eye Only: Only displays the image for the right eye.

Views

Specifies the number of viewpoints.

Camera Type

Specifies the camera arrangement.

Parallel: Sets the camera type to parallel. This camera type produces a stable parallax view with low risk of excessive parallax.
Convergence: Rotates the camera about the Target position to create converging lines of sight. Although some areas of the field of view will not overlap, when creating images for lenticular printing, distortion can be minimized when multiple viewpoints are used with a wide parallactic angle.

Zero Parallax Textbox

To enter a value for zero parallax, select User Defined from the Zero Parallax pop-up menu.

Specifies the distance (in the scene) at which the parallax between the left and right cameras is zero. Objects in front of this point appear to jump out of the screen (negative parallax), whereas objects behind this point appear to be behind the screen (positive parallax).

Zero Parallax Pop-up Menu

Specifies the method used to set the zero parallax distance.

Camera Separation

Specifies the distance (in the scene) to move the camera left and right.

Auto

When selected, the camera separation is calculated automatically.

Background Correction

When selected, the zero parallax and camera separation distance is adjusted for the background.
If an image has been mapped to the background, selecting Background Correction results in a weaker 3D effect but prevents extreme disparity between the background and objects that appear before it.
If the background is not mapped, deselect this option to maximize the 3D effect.

Auto Update

Stereo settings are automatically updated after any camera operations.

Update

Calculates the virtual screen and camera separation distance based on the objects in the scene.

Monitor Setting By

Provides a series of device based profiles for optimizing stereoscopic output based on size and resolution.

Size and Resolution: Uses the physical size and resolution of the display equipment.
DPI (Rendering Settings): Uses the resolution (DPI) set on the Image tab of the Rendering Settings.

Monitor Size

The screen size (diagonally).

Resolution

The maximum screen resolution.

Profile

This menu is used to adjust the stereoscopic effects. In addition to presets that automatically adjust the settings based on the monitor settings, you can enter values for custom adjustments.

Parallactic Angle

Available when Custom (Parallactic Angle) is selected for the Profile.
Specifies the angle used to create a sense of depth. Larger values result in a greater perception of depth. To avoid eye strain and fatigue when viewing for extended periods of time, values less than 1.0 are recommended.

Front Depth

Available when Custom (Depth Off Screen) is selected for the Profile.
Specifies the virtual distance in front of the screen that objects appear.

Back Depth Textbox

Available when Custom (Depth Off Screen) is selected for the Profile.
Specifies the virtual distance behind the screen that objects appear.

Viewing Distance Textbox

Available when Custom (Parallactic Angle) or Custom (Depth Off Screen) is selected for the Profile.
Specifies the distance from the screen to the viewing point.

Eye Separation Textbox

Available when Custom (Parallactic Angle) or Custom (Depth Off Screen) is selected for the Profile.
Specifies the interaxial (the distance between left and right eyes). 50mm is generally appropriate for children.